April 18, 2024 | Horticulturae |
Researchers from Khon Kaen University, Thailand, conducted a study to address challenges in assessing the ripeness of ‘Monthong’ durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), a commercially important cultivar widely grown in northern Thailand. The thick, hard shell of the fruit complicates visual ripeness assessment, often leading to premature harvesting and inconsistent fruit quality. This study aimed to evaluate the use of shell color composition as an indicator of maturation and to determine how harvest timing affects fruit quality and antioxidant content.
A completely randomized design (CRD) was used, with fruits collected at intervals from 15 to 135 days after full bloom (DAFB). The results showed that fruit size (circumference and length) increased with age, reaching maximum dimensions between 90 and 135 DAFB. Peak values for fruit weight, firmness, dry matter, and antioxidant-related compounds were observed at 120 DAFB. Total soluble solids (TSS) peaked at 135 DAFB, indicating increased sweetness with maturity.
The study concluded that shell color can effectively indicate maturation stages. Fruits harvested at 90–105 DAFB were firmer and less sweet, suitable for texture-focused markets, while those harvested at 105–120 DAFB were softer and sweeter, preferable for fresh consumption. These findings offer practical guidance for harvest timing aligned with market and consumer preferences.
