July 9, 2025 | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
The study conducted by Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, India, and Persian Gulf University, Iran, provides a comprehensive review of recent progress in the cultivation, postharvest management, and biomedical applications of dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.). Known for its resilience in arid environments, high nutritional value, and potential health benefits, dragon fruit has emerged as a promising crop in tropical and subtropical regions.
The review summarizes key advancements in agronomic practices such as high-density planting, drip fertigation, organic nutrient management, biostimulant application, and artificial flower induction, all of which contribute to improved yield and resource efficiency. Postharvest technologies including cold storage, modified atmosphere packaging, edible coatings, and innovative non-thermal treatments like cold plasma are evaluated for their roles in maintaining fruit quality and extending shelf life.
The study also explores the fruit’s nutritional and bioactive composition, highlighting its dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, betalains, and phenolics that provide antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects. Molecular docking studies suggest that phytopigments like betacyanin and betaxanthin may target enzymes linked to chronic diseases, indicating pharmaceutical potential.
Overall, the review identifies research gaps related to standardization of cultivation and validation of therapeutic claims, underscoring the need for integrated research to enhance dragon fruit’s agricultural and biomedical value.
