October 29, 2025 | Agronomy |
This review conducted by Florida International University, USA examines current knowledge and sustainability challenges associated with dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) cultivation. Dragon fruit has gained global popularity because of its distinctive appearance, nutritional value, and reported health benefits. As production has expanded beyond its native range in Central and South America to tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, there is increasing interest in developing sustainable production systems that address environmental and socioeconomic concerns.
The review summarizes the biological characteristics, agronomic requirements, and global production trends of three major species: Hylocereus megalanthus, H. undatus, and H. costaricensis. Conventional production practices, which often rely heavily on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, are compared with emerging sustainable approaches such as organic nutrient management, high tunnel cultivation systems, and agroforestry integration. The study also discusses regional challenges affecting dragon fruit production, including climate variability, pest and disease pressure, and limitations in pollination.
In addition to agronomic considerations, the review highlights the importance of socioeconomic factors such as market development, farmer education, and supportive policy frameworks for the adoption of sustainable practices. The authors also identify research gaps related to genetic improvement, digital agriculture tools, and certification systems. Overall, the review provides a comprehensive overview of strategies to improve productivity while promoting environmental sustainability in dragon fruit production systems.
