November 21, 2025 | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts |
A study by Khalifa University, United Arab Emirates, explored the application of micro- and nanofibers obtained from food-waste biomass to improve sandy soil properties. Desert soils typically have low organic matter and poor water retention, which limits their ability to support plant growth and sustainable agriculture. The study aimed to develop fiber-based amendments that could enhance water dynamics and structural stability in such soils.
Food-waste biomass, particularly fruit peels, was processed using mechanochemical methods to produce macrofibers and nanofibers. The fibers were characterized to determine their morphology and physicochemical properties. These fiber solutions were then incorporated into three types of desert sand to evaluate their effects on soil performance. Key properties assessed included compressive strength, water-holding capacity, permeability, evaporation rate, and resistance to degradation during repeated wet–dry cycles.
The results showed that fiber amendments improved the structural cohesion of sandy soils and enhanced their water retention while regulating water permeability and evaporation. The reinforced soil matrices also demonstrated stability under environmental stress conditions. These findings indicate that biomass-derived fibers from food waste can improve soil functionality and may contribute to agricultural development in arid regions by enhancing water management and soil stability.
